{"id":2515,"date":"2023-02-14T19:46:41","date_gmt":"2023-02-14T18:46:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/?p=2515"},"modified":"2023-07-10T09:26:27","modified_gmt":"2023-07-10T07:26:27","slug":"pvc-and-environment-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/en\/magazin\/pvc-and-environment-2\/","title":{"rendered":"PVC and environment"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2515\" class=\"elementor elementor-2515\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6152423 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6152423\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0a875c\" data-id=\"c0a875c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-98ea0a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"98ea0a4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b9b4a4\" data-id=\"1b9b4a4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a75d06f elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"a75d06f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-clock\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\"><\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 5<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\"><\/span><\/span> min reading time<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f89028f\" data-id=\"f89028f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b5f9e7 elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"8b5f9e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-8221d47 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-tags\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPVC &amp; Umwelt\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b11e9a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b11e9a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PVC &amp; Umwelt<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9e6dd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c9e6dd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is PVC?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a36d00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a36d00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is a plastic (plastic). One of its most important features is that it can be deformed and kept permanently elastic with the addition of plasticizers (additives). How elastic depends on the proportion and type of plasticizers. This is referred to as soft PVC (flexible PVC).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38828f1 elementor-position-left elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"38828f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCommonly used plastics: \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPolyvinyl chloride (PVC) <br>\nPolypropylene (PP) <br>\nPolyethylene (PE) <br>\nPolystyrene (PS) <br>\nPolyethylenterephthalat (PET) <br>\nPolycarbonat (PC) <br>\nPolyurethane (PU)<br>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-33664ee\" data-id=\"33664ee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f95a40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0f95a40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6205cca elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6205cca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cde2a1a\" data-id=\"cde2a1a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-967b9c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"967b9c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5533aa1\" data-id=\"5533aa1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e349c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23e349c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fields of application of PVC<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec43a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ec43a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to soft PVC, there is also hard PVC. It contains no plasticizers and is hard in its material properties, but also brittle. It is virtually non-elastic and can break under high loads. Typical products made of hard PVC are window profiles and pipes. It is not suitable for use in floor coverings, for example.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compared to other plastics, soft PVC has special material properties that predestine it for certain areas of application within the construction sector. These include all types of interiors: from factory floors to public buildings to private homes - with floor coverings, cables, wall foils, roofing membranes, etc. Soft PVC, depending on the type, is resilient, well insulating, low maintenance, weather resistant, flame retardant, acid, oil and water resistant.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For many years, soft PVC has been the subject of criticism, primarily because of the proven hazardous effects of the added plasticizers on health and the environment. Among the best-known and most frequently used representatives is the group of phthalates.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5ee75f elementor-position-left elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"e5ee75f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCommonly used plastics: \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDIDP (diisodecyl phthalate)<br>\nDINP (Diisononyl phthalate)<br>\nDEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate) <br>\nDBP (dibutyl phthalate)<br>\nBBP (benzyl butyl phthalate)<br>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9697a29 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"9697a29\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc3507a\" data-id=\"cc3507a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0562fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b0562fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PVC is not environmentally friendly\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c027157 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c027157\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polyvinylchlorid\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PVC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a substance in great conflict with the environment and thus with human health in all areas, from production to use, recycling and disposal - both directly and indirectly.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The direct health hazard refers mainly to soft PVC (soft PVC). This includes the risk of cancer and hormonal changes.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83b16de elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"83b16de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#herstellung\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Problem: Production<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#gesundheit\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Problem: Use and health risks<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#entsorgung\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Problem: Disposal<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#recycling\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Problem: Recycling<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#empfehlung\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Recommendation<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-930b05a\" data-id=\"930b05a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77d77cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"77d77cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0e7055 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"c0e7055\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e9e82c6\" data-id=\"e9e82c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-374e243 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"374e243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/1_Herstellung_v3-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2067\" alt=\"Grafik: Man erkennt Industrie und Kanister mit \u00d6l und Chlor die in der Natur stehen, daneben sieht man kaputte B\u00e4ume.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/1_Herstellung_v3-1.png 1000w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/1_Herstellung_v3-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/1_Herstellung_v3-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/1_Herstellung_v3-1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/1_Herstellung_v3-1-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd677a0\" data-id=\"dd677a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-851146d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"851146d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Problem: Production<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4504b83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4504b83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PVC consists essentially of oil and rock salt. Drilling for and processing crude oil are fundamentally harmful to the environment, although of course other plastics such as PP (polypropylene) also require crude oil. Toxic chlorine is extracted from rock salt by electro-chemical means during the production of PVC. This chlorine is needed for the production of PVC.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">A health hazard to humans is already present in the manufacturing process. Vinyl chloride alone (a starting material for PVC) can cause cancer and mutagenic effects in humans. In Germany, the maximum permissible workplace concentration for PVC in the air we breathe is 0.3 mg\/m\u00b3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a61af3 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"9a61af3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f54d525\" data-id=\"f54d525\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab4e578 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab4e578\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Problem: Use and health risks<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9eca14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f9eca14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The focus here is on soft PVC. With the help of plasticizers, PVC can be kept elastic. This is a property that makes soft PVC so indispensable for cables or floor coverings, for example. Such products are exposed to constant stresses that would quickly cause them to break without plasticizers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phthalates in particular are carcinogenic and affect the endocrine system. Contact with them can hardly be avoided. When PVC is enriched with plasticizers, a new compound is formed, but it is not insoluble. Over time, depending on various factors such as UV radiation, temperature, contact with water, skin or saliva, these plasticizers escape again - in liquid or gaseous form. Rule of thumb: the softer the end product, the more plasticizers it contains.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb8e777 elementor-position-left elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"eb8e777\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInfo!\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEvery now and then you can find references such as PVC is not toxic or as good as non-toxic. But be careful! Toxic says nothing about whether something is carcinogenic. \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b9dbf3\" data-id=\"8b9dbf3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e3a9df elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9e3a9df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_Gesundheitsrisiken_v4.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2071\" alt=\"Comic: Ein weinendes Baby krabbelt \u00fcber den Boden, im Hintergrund ist ein Fenster wo man kaputte B\u00e4ume und Pflanzen und daneben Industrie sieht.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_Gesundheitsrisiken_v4.png 1000w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_Gesundheitsrisiken_v4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_Gesundheitsrisiken_v4-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_Gesundheitsrisiken_v4-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_Gesundheitsrisiken_v4-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ec18c9 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"5ec18c9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2eca361\" data-id=\"2eca361\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eeaff93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eeaff93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3_Entsorgung_v3_trans.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2061\" alt=\"Grafik: Im Hintergrund sieht man Industrie mit rauchenden Schornsteinen, im Vordergrund Tonnen mit M\u00fcll. Eine Tonne ist umgekippt und die Schadstoffe sickern ins Grundwasser. Im Hintergrund erkennt man kaputte B\u00e4ume.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3_Entsorgung_v3_trans.png 1000w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3_Entsorgung_v3_trans-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3_Entsorgung_v3_trans-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3_Entsorgung_v3_trans-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3_Entsorgung_v3_trans-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e9233a5\" data-id=\"e9233a5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1ae6de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1ae6de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Problem: Disposal\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2b91f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a2b91f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Issues such as the disposal of PVC are always subject to the way in which they are formulated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The added plasticizers of the phthalate group evaporate, are washed out or rub off and thus get into the soil and also into the groundwater. They are biodegradable, but this naturally takes time.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hard PVC has no plasticizers. However, it is also not biodegradable. Nevertheless, hard PVC must be replaced regularly, for example in the construction sector, because it is not UV-resistant.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The duration of UV resistance depends on the location as well as the atmospheric conditions prevailing there, such as solar radiation, temperature, humidity, reflectivity of snow etc. In the case of outdoor pipes made of hard PVC, the Fachverband der Kunststoffrohr-Industrie (Professional Association of the Plastic Pipe Industry) states that, as a rule, the first physical impairments occur after one to two years.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So hard PVC crumbles, but it doesn't dissolve. It goes to landfills and stays there - unless someone gets the idea to burn it.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Burning PVC is not an adequate solution from the point of view of environmental impact. It is flame retardant and requires a lot of energy. In addition, there is a risk of releasing the chlorine used in its production, as well as other dioxins and aromatics (chemical group), which are carcinogenic. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2deed66 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2deed66\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67946be\" data-id=\"67946be\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1d94d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1d94d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Problem: Recycling<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4eaa1ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4eaa1ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Recycling describes the recovery of raw materials from PVC products, for example, in order to produce new PVC products of equal value again, if possible.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Efficiency in the recovery of raw materials is almost always dependent on the degree of grade purity of the material. There are processes that can be used to convert mixed plastic waste into gases, waxes and oils that can be recycled as raw materials. One problem here so far is the question of what happens to the recovered plasticizers.<\/p><p><br \/>One answer to this, for example, could be the EU-funded project coordinated by the Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging (IVW). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ivv.fraunhofer.de\/de\/recycling-umwelt\/recycling-von-kontaminierten-kunststoffen\/circular-flooring.html\">\u00bbCircular Flooring\u00ab<\/a> which will run until 2023. Several European countries are involved in this project. The aim is not only to recycle the PVC to a high standard. The plasticizers added will be completely separated and recycled using chemical processes so that they are a) non-critical and b) can be used again as plasticizers.\u00a0 <br \/>\"Noncritical\" means harmless in the sense of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.umweltbundesamt.de\/themen\/chemikalien\/reach-chemikalien-reach\">REACH<\/a>, the European Chemicals Regulation on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>In principle, however, the use of critical plasticizers and heavy metal-based stabilizers represents a hitherto unsolved challenge in the recycling of PVC waste up to the year 2015. The sometimes long product life of several decades, especially of PVC windows, pipes and flooring, means that contaminated material would continue to circulate in the recycling loop for a long time. Plastics such as polypropylene (PP) and PET do not require these additives and are therefore much easier to recycle. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb60b64\" data-id=\"bb60b64\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38b67f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"38b67f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/4_Recycling_v3_trans.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2063\" alt=\"Ein Diagramm wo zu erkennen ist, dass 9 % des Abfalls recycelt werden, 19 % verbrannt, 22 % illegal entsorgt und 50 % auf der M\u00fclldeponie landet.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/4_Recycling_v3_trans.png 1000w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/4_Recycling_v3_trans-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/4_Recycling_v3_trans-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/4_Recycling_v3_trans-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/ceramin.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/4_Recycling_v3_trans-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca7f209 elementor-position-left elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"ca7f209\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInfo!\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIn principle, only small proportions of plastics are currently recycled. According to a study published in February 2022 by the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), global plastic production nearly doubled between 2000 and 2019. <br>\n\u2022 Of the waste from this period, 9 percent was recycled.<br>\n\u2022 19 percent were burned.<br>\n\u2022 Fifty percent was dumped in landfills.<br>\n\u2022 22 percent were disposed of illegally.\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-09f40c7 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"09f40c7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ab7632\" data-id=\"2ab7632\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e009a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2e009a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recommendation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7ad1d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7ad1d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to current knowledge, the use of PVC is subject to a trade-off between health hazards and environmental pollution on the one hand and economic reasons on the other. With up-to-date information and PVC-free products, we would like to help raise awareness of the importance and consequences of such a trade-off.<\/p><p>Important background and findings on this topic are provided by recognized scientific studies. In this case, for example: \"The use of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) in the context of a non-toxic environment (EU Final Report, January 2022).\"<\/p><p>We are happy to offer you further important information, including tips on PVC alternatives, differences between vinyl, PVC and linoleum, labels such as the Blue Angel and more, in other articles in the \"PVC-free\" section.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is a plastic (plastic). One of its most important features is that it can be deformed and kept permanently elastic with the addition of plasticizers (additives). How elastic depends on the proportion and type of plasticizers. This is referred to as soft PVC (flexible PVC).<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4314,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[162],"tags":[191],"class_list":["post-2515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-magazin","tag-pvc-frei"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PVC und Umwelt - CERAMIN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Seit vielen Jahren steht PVC wegen gef\u00e4hrlicher Einwirkungen der beinhaltenden Weichmacher auf Umwelt in der Kritik. 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